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Bob Lowry Breaks Down TDS in Pool Water

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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) is one of the most ignored numbers in pool water chemistry, even though it quietly influences how water behaves. TDS simply means the total amount of dissolved material in the water, measured in parts per million, and it is not the same as visible debris or suspended solids. Modern pool service pros usually measure TDS with a digital meter that reads conductivity and converts that to a ppm estimate. That convenience is why it exists, because the old-school “total dissolved residue” method required evaporating a carefully measured sample and weighing what was left. The key takeaway for pool maintenance is that TDS rises as you add chemicals over time, and that rising baseline changes the way your test results and balance calculations perform. A practical way to think about TDS is the “kettle scale” analogy: keep boiling water away and you eventually see what was dissolved all along. In pools, the biggest contributors are often chloride and sodium. Every time...
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Bob Lowry on the Dangers of High CYA Levels

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Cyanuric acid (CYA), often called pool stabilizer or pool conditioner, is usually introduced as a simple shield that protects chlorine from sunlight. But the deeper story is what makes or breaks clear water: CYA changes chlorine effectiveness by binding most of the chlorine in the water and controlling how much active sanitizer is available at any moment. In this conversation, Bob Lowry explains why “normal” chlorine readings can be misleading, how CYA acts like a buffer in pool water, and why understanding the stabilizer to chlorine relationship is a cornerstone of reliable pool maintenance for service pros and homeowners alike.   The key insight is the equilibrium between free chlorine and chlorine bound to cyanuric acid. Once CYA rises above about 30 ppm, a very large percentage of chlorine becomes bound, leaving only a small fraction immediately active. That does not mean the chlorine disappears, it means it releases more slowly as the active portion gets consumed. The pra...
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Bob Lowry: The Truth About Persistent High pH in Pools

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Constant high pool pH is one of the most common pool water chemistry problems, and it usually is not “mystery water” at all. A persistent pH rise is often driven by carbon dioxide off gassing, which is controlled largely by total alkalinity (TA). When TA is high, the water is effectively overcarbonated, so CO2 wants to escape until it reaches equilibrium with the air above the pool. As CO2 leaves, the pH rises, which leads to the familiar cycle of adding acid, watching pH drop, then seeing it climb again. If you want stable pH, the strategy is less about chasing numbers and more about reducing the conditions that accelerate CO2 loss. The practical takeaway is to rethink alkalinity targets when you are dealing with chronic high pH. Many “standard ranges” for total alkalinity are too broad to solve real-world pH drift, especially in modern pools with lots of aeration. A target around 90 ppm TA can be a starting point, but if pH still climbs, lowering TA to 80 ppm or even near 70 ppm can ...
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All About Metals in Your Pool with Joe Laurino

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Metals in pool water are one of the most common reasons otherwise clean pools end up with ugly stains, tinted water, and frustrated customers. The key idea from this conversation is simple: sequestering agents help manage metals, but they do not remove them. Dissolved metal ions can stay in circulation and later oxidize from chlorine or oxygen, turning into solids that “plate out” on plaster, steps, and fittings. That is why a true pool metal removal approach matters, especially when draining is expensive or impossible. Joe Loreno explains how the Culator polymer works differently by binding metal ions while the polymer itself does not dissolve, letting you physically take metals out of the system.   To solve a problem, you also have to know where it starts. Common sources of pool metals include fill water and source water, pool equipment, certain pool chemicals, filter media, plaster and masonry materials, and metal parts in water features. Outside the pool, runoff can bring ...
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Summer Pool Care Tips That Save Time and Money

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Summer pool maintenance gets harder for one simple reason: the pool finally gets used. When swim season hits, water chemistry shifts from “stable and quiet” to “high demand and unpredictable.” In many regions, the season timing has changed too, with milder spring weather and a longer warm stretch into fall, which can fool homeowners into thinking the pool will behave like it does in April. For pool service pros and hands-on homeowners, the real lesson is to plan for summer conditions early, not after the first algae bloom or the first frantic call before a weekend party. Better summer pool care starts with expecting higher chlorine demand, faster pH movement, and more scrutiny from customers who suddenly notice every detail in the backyard.   The biggest summer variable is bather load. More swimmers means more organics, more sunscreen, more sweat, and more debris in circulation, all of which consume free chlorine and can cloud water quickly. A pool can look fine on a Monday se...
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The Bottom Feeder One Simple Upgrade for Better Performance: Adjustable Thrust Ring!

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The Bottom Feeder Adjustable Thrust Ring The new Adjustable Thrust Ring gives pool pros greater control over thrust and maneuverability, allowing you to fine-tune performance for different pool conditions and cleaning environments. It's a simple upgrade designed to help you work smarter, move more efficiently, and get the most out of your vacuum. Increases thrust to propeller in shallow water. Removable. https://thebottomfeeder.com/products/adjustable-thrust-ring The Science Behind the Bottom Feeder Adjustable Thrust Ring: Mastering the Kort Effect For professional pool technicians, efficiency isn't just about saving time—it is about maximizing the performance of every tool in your truck. Portable pool vacuums have revolutionized route speeds, but regional variables like shallow water steps, heavy debris loads, and fluctuating water depths often challenge conventional propeller setups. The introduction of the Bottom Feeder Adjustable Thrust Ring ($24.95) addresses these exa...
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Can a Pool Really Pop Out of the Ground?

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Pool pop-ups are one of those pool industry fears that get repeated so often they start to sound inevitable, especially when a customer asks for a full drain to lower cyanuric acid, do an acid wash, or start over with fresh water. The truth is more practical and more technical: most concrete, plaster, or pebble pools are heavy enough that a pop-up is rare, but the risk rises when groundwater and saturated soil create upward buoyant force under an empty shell. If you’re a pool service professional, understanding the real mechanics behind “pool popping out of the ground” helps you make better calls, protect your customer’s property, and protect yourself from avoidable liability. The physics is simple but easy to underestimate. A typical 15,000-gallon pool holds well over 120,000 pounds of water, and that weight acts like an anchor. Once you drain it, you’re left with the shell weight alone, which might be closer to 10,000 to 15,000 pounds for a plaster pool. After heavy rain, especially ...
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